Glad to hear you won't venture onto glaciers w/o professional help, meaning hiring a mountain guide. You might consider this option for a safe hike out onto a glacier. Any certified Canadian mountain guide could offer some suggestions for a safe guided excursion and most have equipment for rent.
A few suggestions for you which might work:
In the Bugaboos the hike to the Conrad Kain hut and above takes you close to one glacier and to the toe of another small glacier above the hut. Involves climbing a couple of ladders but it is a good trail with hand cables/chains on some narrower sections. Lovely place and within your set limits.
Near Jasper the hike to the Edith Cavell area (assuming it is open again as an icefall event closed the road early in the season) takes you close to the Angel glacier where ice falls into a small lake.
The Mount Robson trails take you across Berg lake from some very active glaciers and the hike beyond Berg lake is along side of and above the very large Robson glacier. Is beyond your preferred distance limit, long for a day trip, especially including the return the same day.
In the Roger's pass area the hike to the Asulkan hut takes you close to glaciers, especially if you proceed above the hut to the edge of the glacier.
The Plain of Six glaciers hike at Lake Louise goes up the morrain beyond the tea house and offers spectacular yet safe glacier views.
It is possible to hike from the big bend south of and below Sunwapta pass along an old road to the lake at the toe of the Saskatchewan glacier. Great views here of several glaciers.
The hike up the climber's trail (steep trail in spots but within your limits) takes you to the toe of the North Glacier on Mount Athabasca.
I believe the parks service offers escorted hikes onto the Athabasca glacier across from the Icefields visitors center.
If you drive up Horsethief creek west of Radium and take the Farnham creek road to the locked gate you can hike up the remainder of the road to the site of the training camp for skiing (now closed and abandoned I believe). Continue up the road beyond the camp to the Farnham glacier on their access road.
If you continue up the Horsethief creek road to the end then hike the road and trail to Lake of the Hanging glaciers you can hike along the East side of the lake to the place where a glacier ends in ice cliffs in the lake itself.
Hope this rather long set of descriptions helps.
