My hubby and I have been to the Yellowstone and Grand teton national parks 8 separate times, some with our boys, some just the two of us. We take great pleasure in hiking the many trails of both parks. I can truly say that, in the 100+ hikes we have taken, I can count the number of times we have encountered bears on the trails at less than 5. We have encountered bison more often. We practiced appropriate care and never were in danger. My advice is to always be alert, follow advice, carry bear spray, and enjoy. I have always been amazed at how few people we encounter once we get off the beaten path, even in the middle of summer. Often times, we see only two or three groups pf hikers on the entire trail once we get 10 or 15 minutes into the hike. We encountered many more people on our hikes in the Great Smokey Mountain National Park and on the Appalachian Trail. Yes, national parks allow concealed carry if the state allows it. Hubby carries a Kimber 45, and I carry a 1911 380. Mine wont stop a bear, but his will. We are both so used to carrying that we don't notice the weight. My advice is simple. ALWAYS check with the rangers about whatever trail you are going on. They can let you know about any animal activity. Be prepared for all weather, take LOTS of water and snacks, first aid kit, and a camera. Several books we have used are Yellowstone Treasures by Janet Chapple, A Ranger's Guide To Yellowstone Day Hikes by Roger Anderson and Carol Shively Anderson, Day Hikes In Yellowstone National Park by Robert Stone, and Day Hikes In Grand Teton National Park, also by Robert Stone. ENJOY!