I lived in an old house built in the 40's with 2 wire outlets. There is no path to ground. Sure the panel might have a wire that goes to a water pipe. But the outlets themselves with their 2 wire green fabric coated insulation do not have a third bare wire to get to a ground (copper pipe or otherwise).
The GFCI will protect and trip on a 2 wire system with no ground connection.
The Imbalance you are looking for is the person holding the plug as they are plugging in a lamp with a bare wire poking out of the insulation. Yep happened to me but no GFCI to test it against. I just got the tingle and let go. But the bottom line is the GFCI is there for current getting where it doesn't belong. Whether the unintended path is a persons hand, a dog's nose, or whatever.