Disconnect the wires from your battery and then measure at the converter to see the converter output. It should read about 14 volts.
If it does, connect the positive side to the battery and use your jumper cables to connect to the negative terminal on the battery, and to the negative bus on the converter. If the fuse does not blow now, it is the negative wire loose somewhere.
Try the same with the positive wire to the positive bus. If connecting with the jumper keeps the fuse alive, it is the positive feed to the battery.
Usually, when replacing converters, the connections to these wires are all made tight again.. so check carefully to see if yours are loose before throwing out the converter.