A fan cannot blow air out unless there is an equal amount of air coming in.
If you only have one (or more) out-blowing fan, then the inward air flow will come through miscellaneous cracks and leaks throughout the RV.
If you have one or more windows open, most of the inward airflow will come through the windows. This gives you more control. Make sure the open windows are at the opposite end of the RV from the outblowing fan.
You could try rigging up a furnace/AC -type filter over an open window or two. The filter would have to have enough airflow that it is still easier for air to come in through the filter than to come in through the miscellaneous cracks. This would be more likely to work if you do two windows, rather than one. More airflow.
You could also save on electricity by having a LOT of open windows with filters, ideally some windows that are high up and on the sunny side of the rig (for warm air to go out) and some that are low down and on the shady side (for cooler air to come in).