After years of fostering and transporting multiple cats from adoption location to adoption location, I have learned that first and foremost there is NO one right way for a cat to travel. What works for one will be the worst thing for another.
Some things to try:
1. open the carrier vs. close the carrier (which you've already tried with no difference)
2. raise the carrier so the cat can easily see out the windows vs. covering the carrier so the cat can't see any movement
3. provide a small amount of dry food or treats vs. no food or treats during ride
4. find a place to set the carrier where there is a steady vibration vs. no vibration
5. turn on soothing music vs. no music
6. learn to love the vocal skills of your cat