HD and SD use different aspect ratios. And movies use another different aspect ratio.
This site has some info that will help:
https://www.rtings.com/tv/learn/what-is-the-aspect-ratio-4-3-16-9-21-9When the aspect ratio of the content you are trying to watch doesn't match the aspect ratio of your TV, you'll usually end up with black bars.
Depending on the type of mismatch between the picture and the display's ratio, the black bars appear in different places. Content wider than the screen it is played on will have horizontal black bars, while content that is taller will use vertical bars.