What you have is a Samsung phone with an Android operating system, plus a bunch of Samsung brand add-ons in the software. I used to have one.
Go to Swappa.com and buy a used Pixel 3 or later phone, from a seller with good ratings.
It's made by Google and has ONLY the android operating system, without all the Samsung add-ons. Works like a dream.
But truthfully sounds like you don't really need a good phone, just something that works. What do you want to do that your current phone doesn't? Or are you just concerned about it getting old?
Whatever you want, Swappa.com is a good place to buy used.
Check with whoever your cell phone carrier is, and make sure you can keep that plan with a different phone, or make sure what phones will work with it. Sounds like you have something like Straight Talk or Consumer something or other.