As said, 1 & 2 are correct. 3 & 4 are a bit off the mark. There are cell service amplifier/repeaters that receive a weak cell signal and amplify it to a more usable level before re-transmitting it to your cell phone or data only cell hotspot. They also boost the return signal from your cell device to the tower. No SIM is needed in the amplifier/repeater and they typically work with multiple carriers and devices. There does have to be at least a minimal signal available. There is an FCC requirement to register the unit with your cell carrier, but that's a simple online process and there are no charges involved with using one.