If it's smooth on most roads and only happens on concrete roads where the joints are at relatively short spacing (15-20'), it's most likely just matching the harmonics of the wheel base.
It's kind of like pushing someone on a swing. If you time the pushes, it takes very little effort to get someone swinging quite high.
In the same way, if the speed and spacing match up, as the suspension comes down and starts to push the truck frame up...at the same time you hit the next bump adding to the upward push...this gets repeated until it feels like you are going to go airborne. If you slow down, the harmonics are lost and the ride smooths out.
I know a few roads like that. I try to avoid them. Also on a couple, it's only one lane that has the issue as they did a lot of patch work in the right lane but not in the left. If traffic isn't too busy, I'll just move into the left lane for a smoother ride.