Honestly the photo shows no speed bump, it shows a section of asphalt, but you can't see any rise so it's impossible to gauge how nasty the speed bump really is.
There should be specs on the size of a speed bump, i.e. length, height, radius, markings, etc. Seems to me your only recourse is to research the specs and see if this speed bump is according to the specs for the speed limit on that street. If it meets all the requirements, it looks like you would be out of luck on being awarded damages.
And I do agree that those tears in the frame look a bit old, from the amount of rust around the crack.
