12V, yes that is how they are designed, but if you've greased many of them, you know that many times the path of least resistance is out the rear seal. Either due to blockage, cold grease, old seal, weak spring, whatever. Something to keep an eye on.
You know how it's "supposed" to work. Other's just dismiss it as being a bad design with zero understanding and jump to uninformed conclusions.
I have a love/hate relationship with oil bath hubs. Haven't had one bleed out on the road yet, but a couple weepers that had me guessing if I was going to make it home with some oil left in the hub.
Had one start leaking on the boat trailer, over 10 years old, so replaced all 4 seals. Bought "quality" double lip seals. 1 of them didn't make it back out of the garage, was weeping just sitting there. Replaced it quick with an Autozone Chinesium special to get going. 3 years later that one is still holding.
I'm not a fan really, except "re-packing" them is easy. Drain and fill, no mess. Not keen on something that can leave me stranded though. Grease seal leaks or goes bye bye, you can drive a long ways without damage. Oil seal goes, you're done lik edinner.