From Wiki which includes additional content:
In the United States and Canada, a residual-current device is most commonly known as a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI), Ground Fault Interrupter (GFI) or an Appliance Leakage Current Interrupter (ALCI). Ground Fault Condition is defined as: An unintentional, electrically conducting connection between an ungrounded conductor of an electrical circuit and the normally non-current-carrying conductors, metallic enclosures, metallic raceways, metallic equipment or earth.
An Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter (AFCI) is a circuit breaker designed to prevent fires by detecting an unintended electrical arc and disconnecting the power before the arc starts a fire. An AFCI must distinguish between a harmless arc that occurs incidental to normal operation of switches, plugs and brushed motors and an undesirable arc that can occur, for example, in a lamp cord that has a broken conductor in the cord.
My house has 4 AFCIs located in the CB panel and none have tripped in 7 years. They basically connect to most of the normal wall plugs inside the house.
I also have several GFIs that are located on the first plug of a circuit and connect to all outside, garage and water area plugs. There is also a dedicated 20A plug in the garage with no GFCI so I'm not sure of just what the code requirements were/are.