A generic definition of a three stage charger reads like this:
1. Bulk - all available Amps are supplied to the bank while the charger slightly LEADS the bank Voltage as needed until the absorption setpoint is reached.
2. Absorption - The Voltage is held STEADY at a 14.4V setpoint while the battery dictates the acceptance current. Absorption stops when the current DROPS to a certain value(depending on your charger settings).
3. Float - the volts DROP again and then the charger regulates a low current to hold the bank at the float voltage.
Some converters have tweaks and timers and that is what leads to endless discussions of which converter is best.
For example, my WFCO 8735 holds 13.6V in absorption for 48hrs before dropping to 13.2V in float.