Will a bad capacitor trip the breaker? Possibly yes. HOWEVER this next statement is a YES, no doubt about it.
IF the bad cap is the start cap, (Some motors have only a start cap, some start and run) then the motor will never come up to speed it will remain in "Locked rotor" mode drawing way more power than it normally draws and this will.
1: Trip the breaker and 2: Burn out the motor over time.
So either the bad cap tripps the breaker, or it causes the motor to do it, but either way a bad cap can make the breaker go CLICK.
