I think many will be surprised to learn that batteries using lithium will be well liked by oil and gas companies. There have already been deals signed to use mostly gas well produced brines to produce lithium. A recent deal made the popular press because of Warren Buffet where produced brine from geothermal wells will be used for lithium, the other deals have been mostly below the radar.
Think of what this does for Exploration and Production. No saltwater disposal, the money will fall through right to the bottom line (woo hoo, the money train). Salt water disposal is blamed for earthquakes, no disposal, no quakes. Knock out clays (Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials) in standard wastwater treatment, then the first step will probably be reverse osmosis, but to get the metal, you need to concentrate the brine even more. This will be multiple effect evaporation. Yep, fired by natural gas, right from the same fields. The pipeline and utility companies won't be involved and money will stay in the E&P company. The water will be distilled water and can also be sold. The sodium chloride salts, sold to the highway departments.
The brine is already being produced, we (I am retired) own the holes, the mineral rights, it is just waiting for someone with the vision to get it done. A small step to go from gas company, to energy company. Their are a few visionaries already working on it! Hell, I wish I was young again.