1)Solar, far superior to generators in a lot of ways. Maybe a small 1000w generator for a spell of rainy days.
2)screen on the outlet.
3)Anything higher than the sink and with an adequate size pipe will have water flowing.
4)In the Summer, a tank painted black and positioned in the sun will make incredibly hot water. If you want to extend the seasons for water heating, make one of the solar collection boxes, of which there are a hundred videos on you tube. Basically, an enclosed box with pipe inside, the bottom and pipes painted black, a piece of glass or Lexan across the face that faces the sun.