Maybe I'm missing something but if the maximum tow vehicle weight is 7,200 lbs (GVWR) and the CAT weight was 5800 lbs, adding in 400 lbs for passengers (including dog) and a few incidentals, you're at 6,200 lbs. That leaves you a maximum of 1,000 lbs of tongue weight.
If you use the 12% of trailer weight as your tongue weight then the maximum trailer weight (loaded) would be about 8,300 lbs (8,300 x 0.12 = 996 lbs). Assuming proper weight distribution (front and rear axles) any of the trailers would be o.k. BUT you would have to limited the load on the Artic Fox 25P and 25Y to well below there maximum gross weight.
The vehicle should tow an 8,300 lbs trailer with no struggle on flat terrain but as the grades get steeper the vehicle is designed to downshift to handle the load. That downshifting takes some getting use to but as long as you stay within the manufacturers loading recommendations I don't see an issue with long term reliability. Yes, more truck is always desirable but you have to balance out the time spent towing versus the time spent driving the truck solo.