All I could afford wrote:
Any reason for the different ratios between the two ten speeds? So similar, I can’t imagine much of a torque difference to justify the engineering and production variables.
Less than one percent difference between the two 10th ratios.
Other than they're 2 completely different transmissions? 1 for 1/2 tons, 1 for HDs.
The fact that they're close to the same is becasue now there's so many gear splits, the transmissions now have both the high gear combos and low gear combos all wrapped into one. Where before with 4-6 speed units one still had to pick between a trans that was geared more for heavy pulling vs one that was geared better for bobtail duty.
In other words, there's only so many ways to slice a pie. If you slice it in 4 pieces, keeping with effective gear ratio theory, you can slice it many different ways and it will be acceptable. If you slice it 10 times, you need to be more selective where you choose to cut it, without screwing it up.
The slight differences in ratios are (assuming these are the best General gear splits) due to the resultant ratios achieved by the overall diameter and number of teeth on each gear.