The smog machine plugs into the OBD-II port and gets information using the vehicle CANbus network. It's not that sophisticated to clamp any data(to stay within EPA/CARB emission limits) in the programming routine that gets sent to the port for the smog machine to receive. If the routine that clamps the data is removed(thru a dealer firmware update) and actual values are sent to the OBD-II port, then passing a smog test is unlikely. But I don't see performance or mpg being affected UNLESS a change in fuel/air will bring the NOx levels down. From what I've read, a urea system or other external system would be needed, but would be economically prohibitive. I would stay far away from a recall that isn't in the best interest of the auto's owner. IMHO