A 16-17 foot travel trailer means a 13-14 foot box. I don't think anyone can fit your furnishings requirements into a box that small, unless the some of the beds go into tip-out tent ends, what is now called a hybrid travel trailer.
However, I've seen a 16-17 foot box (19-20 foot trailer) outfitted with a rear corner double or short queen bed, a single bunk over that, and a small dinette up front. This makes for a very small bathroom alongside the beds, kitchen in the middle opposite an entry door. Dinette will also make a small bed, and some manufacturers might put a pull-down bunk or pipe bunk above that, although pull downs haven't been very popular the past 15-20 years; these were more regular features in the 50s through 70s.
Who makes these? In 2004-2006 I was seeing them from Jayco and Road Runner. I don't know if there are new ones out there, the buyers have instead gone for the hybrids with bedding in the tent ends, because it means more living space inside the box.
If you can 19 feet of length, I suggest looking at Livin Lite's Camplite 14DB and 14 DBS, 18'8" length with a 14'11" box. The DB puts a single bunk above the large front dinette, which converts to a queen bed. This leaves room in the middle for a sofa (or optionally a two seat dinette). The DBS puts a permanent queen bed up front with single bunk over, and a two-person dinette in a slideout. This works for two adults and a toddler, assuming the toddler eats in a high chair, as putting the dinette in a slide makes room for the high chair.
If you must stay at 16-17 feet length, I suggest looking at some of the layout alternatives for the Scamp 16-foot egg trailer. Some options put a single up front with a bunk optional over it, and all have the large bed/dinette in the rear. Getting the front bunks means sacrificing bathroom space, one of the options being a small shower and toilet space in a side closet. There are also layouts with a larger front bathroom, and a two-seat side dinette that can make up into a single bed.
In the early 60s we traveled with a trailer on a 16-foot box, 19 foot length, that put a double bed overhanging the tongue (like a truck camper), dinette convertible to twin bed, larger-than-queen gaucho in the back with dual pipe bunks over. We managed to sleep 10, four adults (two oldest sharing the twin bed/dinette, because that goes back to the bed size for their early 20th century generation), two teens in the cot size pipe bunks, and four smaller children sharing the gaucho. However, this travel trailer did not really have a kitchen or bathroom, did have a fridge and cold water sink, and a pit toilet in a tiny closet-like space. It had no real living space, even when made up for daytime, it was a place to sleep, we lived outside.
After the older kids left the family this travel trailer was replaced by a pop-up tent trailer with a 12-foot box (but no bathroom). In Michigan's climate, it was ideal space for two adults and three pre-adolescent to early adolescent girls, taking it out to a state park with a beach for one to two weeks at a time. But this is not so good as a travel trailer, where you would be setting it up every evening, taking it down every morning, whether the tents might be wet or not (and in the midwest, they usually would be, on a summer morning).
