Laws of physics...changing gear ratios on any transmission, whether it be the main tranny bolted to the ICE, Transfer Case, differential, etc....changes the torque multiplication by that ratio change
Going from a 3.73 to a 4.1 will have "MORE" torque multiplication by about 10% MORE torque
Analogous to a 2x4 used with a fulcrum. There are two lengths and their interaction is the leverage ratio
Ditto to a block and tackle for old world ships or my windsurfer down-haul pulley system. There is an increase in forces...when you pull on the main rope...the pulleys will multiply that force by the 'lesser' amount of travel between the hook-up points
On a gear set, the pinion turns 3.73 times for each turn of the ring gear....more pinion RPM's for one ring gear RPM. Change to 4.1's and the pinion will turn about 10% more RPM's per single ring gear turn (RPM)
Since more pinion RPM's and still "ONE" ring gear RPM, there is more torque per axle turn....and more HP because of this formula to figure HP.....HP = RPM x Torque / 5252. More RPM's will have more HP. Torque from the input pinion will remain the same.
But...there are many other attributes that most don't take into account
So to take the gear ratio change without those other factors is to discuss/view this gear change out of context
Just 'some' of the other factors are
- TV attributes
- ICE attributes, mainly the torque/HP curve
- Up stream tranny gear ratios and which gear is in discussion
- Transfer Case gear ratio, if this is a 4x4/AWD
- Tire dia, best to use "rev's per mile" to level the playing field
- Trailer type, shape, weight, and a big ETC
- Terrain...incline, ambient temps, another big ETC
- Computers & how their software algorithms/look-up tables look like...even tuners...and another big ETC
- ETC, ETC, ETC
Finally how you drive...and/or just looking for justification of whatever the OP wants to hear...
-Ben
Picture of my rig1996 GMC SLT Suburban 3/4 ton K3500/7.4L/4:1/+150Kmiles orig owner...
1980 Chevy Silverado C10/long bed/"BUILT" 5.7L/3:73/1 ton helper springs/+329Kmiles, bought it from dad...
1998 Mazda B2500 (1/2 ton) pickup, 2nd owner...
Praise Dyno Brake equiped and all have "nose bleed" braking!
Previous trucks/offroaders: 40's Jeep restored in mid 60's / 69 DuneBuggy (approx +1K lb: VW pan/200hpCorvair: eng, cam, dual carb'w velocity stacks'n 18" runners, 4spd transaxle) made myself from ground up / 1970 Toyota FJ40 / 1973 K5 Blazer (2dr Tahoe, 1 ton axles front/rear, +255K miles when sold it)...
Sold the boat (looking for another): Trophy with twin 150's...
51 cylinders in household, what's yours?...