I am a bit confused. I thought Pemex was owned by the MX Gov't but run by the unions. I am not sure that qualifies as subsidized but not sure. I have heard that income from Pemex accounts for about 45% of the MX Gov't budget. They do not put money into Pemex - they take money out.
I also heard that what they are opening to competition is drilling because they do not have the technology to drill. Companies like Haliburton and Schlumberger are exploring places to drill and how to drill. But I had not heard that there will be any other gas stations in MX other than Pemex.
Pemex (MX Gov't) sells oil to the US. The US gets the majority of their imported oil from Canada at somewhere around 25% and second biggest supplier is Mexico at somewhere between 15 - 20%. So Pemex profits (or should) from exports to the US.
I can't remember that exact year but somewhere around 2007 or 2008 I think we were paying close to $5 a gallon in the US - we keep a log. In MX our conversion came out to paying about $1.80 a gallon back then. But MX has increased the price at the pump at the legal limit of 10 centavos a month for quite a few years now. I am not positive of all my figures so feel free to correct.
I do not know how the people of Mexico can keep up with these costs. I don't know how the truckers do it - let alone the average citizen. In the US the truckers get a "surcharge" to cover fuel costs. I was a trucker back in the 80s and got 13% of linehaul for surcharge - I actually made more on the surcharge than what fuel cost me. But all of that is added to the cost of whatever product is being carried so in the end it is the consumer who pays.
This is all off the top of my head. I do wish that when people post statistics or facts or whatever - that they would also post a website where we can read the articles where the information comes from.
I was in Venezuela about 25 years ago and rented a car and was shocked to find gasoline at 17 cents a gallon. I read somewhere (awhile ago so don't remember where) that gasoline is still 17 cents a gallon in Venezuela. They are an OPEC country and the Gov't runs the oil so they sell to the rest of the world and the people benefit. Why can't Mexico work something like that out?
We are in California and the best price we have found for diesel is $3.87 - gasoline is about $3.67. They tax gasoline at around 35 cents a gallon but only 18 cents a gallon for diesel - that is just state tax - not local or sales tax or federal tax. We will be in AZ in a couple weeks where I read diesel can be found for around $3.60.