Any amount of time spent in Alaska is better than not going, IMHO. For the shorter trips, it takes a bit more pre-thinking, etc. about what you want to see and do while in the north country. There are so many ways to do a trip to the north, it becomes very individualized. Have your time planned but stay flexible as changes will happen to you.
Two weeks in state, will get you a good taste of what is available to see and do. I wrote a short bit a couple of years back on renting an RV and using it for a couple of weeks in Alaska. Would work just as well if you drove up.
http://www.pajbcooper.com/two_weeks_in_alaska.htmTake a good honest look at yourself and traveling companions. Are you in good health, full of spit and vinegar, or do you tire out easily after a few hours of driving? The shorter the time you have for the trip, then less time you are going to have to hug your pillow and admire the ceiling of your bedroom.
I figure ten, 10, driving days from south Florida to Fairbanks or about 500 miles a day average, more in the lower 48 and less in Canada and Alaska.
It is about 48 to 50 driving time from Bellingham to Fairbanks, so how you split that up is up to you. You can do five, 5, ten hour driving days to get the fifty hours in or you can take ten days at 5 hours a day. I try to be rolling down the road by 7 AM each day, at the latest. Remember it is light the farther north you go. Everyone gets the same 24 hours a day, decide how you plan to spend yours.
So guessing you are of a good enough health to drive 10 hours a day, figure about a week to get to Alaska and the same to return. Then do the tourist circle for a couple of weeks and with a month, you can have a grand trip. Some of the first or second timers will try to convince you if you can't spend all summer like they did, then don't waste you time going. I totally disagree with them.
They will tell you you can't see everything in a couple of weeks and that is true but you can't see everything if you stay all summer either. Alaska and northern Canada are both huge. I spent 25+ years trying to see it all and never did, but I did wear out 5 airplanes, numerous river boats and RVs trying.
The Alaska Railroad operates a rail barge out of Seattle to Whittier Alaska. The barge deck has rails fastened to it and train cars are loaded on and taken for the trip. They stack containers above the rail deck using gantry cranes. Huge barges. Canadian National Railroad operates a rail barge out of Prince Rupert on what they call the Aqua Rail. They round trip it to Whittier as well. I have shipped vehicles on the Railroad barge south out of Whittier before and found it to be the cheapest way to move heavy freight. No passengers allowed on the trip that I am aware of. Just google "Alasaka Railroad barges' and lots of info on it.
The first trip for most of us, was just a tease, as there are many of us on the forum that are addicted to northern travel. Others were at such an advanced age and poor health, that the one trip is all they will ever make.
I still remember the first driving trip I made north, as a 20 year old. It was the last week of my sophomore year, 1962, of college, my parents were expecting me to work on the family ranch that summer, but I had saved my money that previous winter working, and decided, I think I will drive to Alaska. I have been thankful ever since that I did.
A bit more verbiage I wrote a couple of years back. Must have gotten a good sale price on pixels.
http://www.pajbcooper.com/alaska_trip_recommendations.htm