ULSD
FYI, I found this document dated Jan 2015. Mexico recognizes the importance of establishing availability of this diesel fuel and exhaust fluid ahead of the proposed January 1, 2018 implementation...
Forum Discussion
Might As Well Learn A Little About The Subject
Fluor Corporation does virtually all of Shell Oil Co. refinery and upgrade construction. The Shell / Pemex joint venture refinery in Deer Park Texas is an example how Shell and Petroleos Mexicanos are interfaced. Japan produces a surplus limited as it is, of ULSD. The supply of ULSD is also highly tensioned in the USA. There is not a great surplus because of refinery construction and expansion government constraints. Japan indeed ships a very limited quantity of it's ULSD to the Rosarito / El Sauzal Baja California offshore terminal.
The technical side:
HYDROTREATING PROCESS
The raw diesel oil produced at the refinery contains more than 500ppm of sulfur and this is of course unacceptable. The diesel can contain the sulfur in a variety of forms but it is most likely to be as a range of organic sulfur compounds (thiols, thiophenes, organic sulfides and disulfides).
Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD), with levels of sulfur down as low as 15ppm, requires a very efficient desulfurization process. The process relies on the vapor stage reaction of sulfur-containing organics over a molybdenum disulphide (catalyst is used with an alumina support and also has a small quantity of cobalt) or ruthenium disulfide catalyst in the presence of hydrogen.
Hydrogen has three important roles in the reactions – it can remove sulfide by forming hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas which is removed to recover the sulfur; it can also hydrogenate unsaturated compounds in the stream to produce better quality naphtha; and it can also carry out hydrogenolysis of certain undesirable compounds such as thiophenes.
Sulfur reduction produces a surplus of sulfur. The output of a 100,000 bbl day facility can yield 120-180 tons of sulfur. Read DAILY!
Fluor Corporation does virtually all of Shell Oil Co. refinery and upgrade construction. The Shell / Pemex joint venture refinery in Deer Park Texas is an example how Shell and Petroleos Mexicanos are interfaced. Japan produces a surplus limited as it is, of ULSD. The supply of ULSD is also highly tensioned in the USA. There is not a great surplus because of refinery construction and expansion government constraints. Japan indeed ships a very limited quantity of it's ULSD to the Rosarito / El Sauzal Baja California offshore terminal.
The technical side:
HYDROTREATING PROCESS
The raw diesel oil produced at the refinery contains more than 500ppm of sulfur and this is of course unacceptable. The diesel can contain the sulfur in a variety of forms but it is most likely to be as a range of organic sulfur compounds (thiols, thiophenes, organic sulfides and disulfides).
Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD), with levels of sulfur down as low as 15ppm, requires a very efficient desulfurization process. The process relies on the vapor stage reaction of sulfur-containing organics over a molybdenum disulphide (catalyst is used with an alumina support and also has a small quantity of cobalt) or ruthenium disulfide catalyst in the presence of hydrogen.
Hydrogen has three important roles in the reactions – it can remove sulfide by forming hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas which is removed to recover the sulfur; it can also hydrogenate unsaturated compounds in the stream to produce better quality naphtha; and it can also carry out hydrogenolysis of certain undesirable compounds such as thiophenes.
Sulfur reduction produces a surplus of sulfur. The output of a 100,000 bbl day facility can yield 120-180 tons of sulfur. Read DAILY!
