Suspect you are talking about the filter bowl. Should be available most every parts house that caters to OTR trucks.
And, no, on most diesels, you can not drain the filter by just opening the drain-- unless you have a ball valve on the inlet to the filter housing.
Without a shutoff, if the level of fuel in the tank is higher than the filter base, when you open the drain, fuel will continue to run out! And, worse, if level of fuel in the tank is lower than the filter base, fuel will run from the filter housing back to the tank, leaving you with 25+ feet of AIR in the fuel line.
Yes, best to have a shutoff valve. If not, best advice is to change it quickly. Totally agree on wanting a spare bowl. Both to speed up the process and because plastic can break.