About 6 years ago my CAT 3126 started to lose power intermittently. I changed the fuel filter, but that didn't help. I took it to a CAT dealer and it was diagnosed as dirty oil. I guess the oil pressu...
Yes, the Caterpillar HEUI injection uses oil to operate the high pressure injectors.
First thing I would do is check fuel system PSI at the secondary fuel filter (verifying that there are no leaks on the suction side of the pump and that the lift pump is functioning as it should).
Also verify that the exhaust brake is not hanging partially closed.
Sure there are other causes of low power, so if neither of these, have a Caterpillar dealer check for stored codes.