Today's motor oil is only about 10-15% base oil and 85-90% additive package, which breaks down over time.. What makes it a multi-vis oil is an additive that expands when heated and under a microscope looks like long strands of spaghetti.. As the oil gets constantly circulated thru the oil pump the pump shears these strands and as they become shorter, your oil viscosity drops.. If you use 15-40 It is 15 weight oil with this additive.. as it wears the larger number drops... The other reason to change oil is to remove contaminants, such as acids, water, rust, and unburnt fuel..