Wow, some VERY strange descriptions of a Jake brake= engine compression brake.
There is ZERO fuel involved (boy, that was a really strange one).
Think of the work needed to move that 4" diameter piston 5", compressing around 17 volumes of air into 1. Ya, a LOT of work.
If engine compression brake is off, once the piston passes over TDC, most of that work is returned, pushing the piston back down. Sure, there is a small amount of loss due to friction.
Now, if the engine compression brake is turned on, the piston does the work, but when it gets to TDC on the compression stroke, the exhaust valve is OPENED, allowing all that stored energy (compressed air) to go out the exhaust. No muffler, it is LOUD.
Multiply by the number of cylinders doing this. If LOW/HIGH on low 3 cylinders do this. On high all 6 cylinders.