Hi N7SJN, I have found the martingale collar works well with these little ones mainly to keep their ID on them 24/7, also a chip.
I use step into collars I make myself according the the doggie
since my first chi that was a fantastic escape artist with escapes that I feared she would go and get killed.....I learned to make harnesses but still don't trust until I attached the lock of the leash from harness to martingal collar. They may still be able to slip the harness but the martingale collar will keep them safe without strangling them like a choker collar.
I have a fear that any of my doggies could be taken and sold by someone stating they can't locate their shot records....and ask $250 or $300. I live in the tri-state area where this does happen very often.
I protect my doggies and fosters every which way I can by being by their side all the time.
I hate seeing lost dog ads that say their doggies aren't wearing a collar. People that just leave these little ones in their secured yard all of a sudden find their baby is gone. It's a 50/50 chance of that doggie will be returning home. And another 50/50 percent chance that person that happens to take, picks them up and find a nice little doggie will not return home.
I have seen to many stories on that could also be an owl,eagle, hawk, fox, coyote, mountain lion even bear.
Please keep an eye on your doggies. When I have my pack pack outside they are limited to a 20x50 area, I search the grounds and skies before I let them out.