All the dogs I've read about have been in households where covid positive people were. I suspect what they are smelling is not the virus, but biochemical changes within the infected person. One study I heard about was smelling sweat.
The dogs that did have covid found in their nasal or throat either did not show disease or very mild symptoms. This disease does not appear to be a serious threat to dogs.
Infecting the dog would be something to consider, but if a dog could process 500 people an hour and work a few hours a day, it would really speed testing and results. I suspect if a dog "hit" on a person, the person would then get a test.