It can be confusing, because when your Kindle is updated, the menus and how to access them may change.
My Kindle Paperwhite has a touch screen. To get to settings I touch the top of the screen. Two rows of icons show up. On the second row touch Aa. You will see a menu with FONT, PAGE, READING SETTINGS. Chose READING SETTINGS, and then you can choose TIME LEFT IN CHAPTER or TIME LEFT IN BOOK. Either of those will also show % in the lower right corner.
If your Kindle doesn't have a touch screen, I am not sure how to get to the settings. Our Kindle Keyboard died a number of years ago.