BenK wrote:
...1. Has anyone factored in the weight of the tongue pressing down on the ball, countering the force trying to pull the latch into the ball?
the weight of the tongue only pushes 'down' on the ball and into
the tapered friction material
...
What you appear to missing is that when the weight of the tongue is pressing down on the ball, the ball shaped contour of the coupler is resisting the tougue from moving forward on the ball. The only way the tongue can move forward is for it to raise up. The springs of the Anderson hitch would have to exert enough force to force the coupler to ride up the ramp formed by the curvature of the ball. It would take a lot of force to do that.
None of the vector drawings I've seen in this post account for the effect of the tongue pushing the ball into the dome shaped socket. The force it would take to cause the tongue to rise enough to allow it to move forward would be considerable.
I was able to get my hot little hands on a PDF copy of the installation instructions. In a nutshell, the tension on the chains is adjusted only enough to relevel the tow vehicle. It's not a fixed, one tension fits all adjustment of tension. A heavier tongue will require more tension than a lighter one.