Carbon filters will remove synthetic flouride added to water. They will not take out naturally occuring flouride.
On the net you cn find carbon filters with .5 micron filtering and silver etc additives, for the standard 10 inch whole house filter housing.
The list of contaminents, they remove is depending on the filter extensive.
The blue one at Camping world, for use in the Culligan, I believe, housing at 32.00 or so is 25 micron but get several contaminents.
Charcoal Half micron or even 1 micro should get chlorine, iron, sulfides,sulfur, suspended calcium and gather some dissolved calcium.
The best one I've found on line is about 29.00.
The filter Store.