The first is what is called a ply separation...at a high stress area(the Crown) that transition area between body plies and belts. Any separation can occur for various reasons...scrub a curb, a improper repairs, over flex form under-inflation, bead damage from R&Rs,impacts breaks but rarely nowadays from Mfg defects.
In modern terms there is no such thing as a slipped belt, which could only have happened before the curing process as it was being loaded into the matrice. Those being the old clamshell molds/matrices for which now everyone is using the segmentated molds.
The second would go down as a tread separation...here the same rules apply with a caveat...this could be all of the above and or a manufacturing or material issue.