westend wrote:
So let me understand this, there were people who claimed that replacing 10% of their gas with Ethanol resulted in a 15% loss in mileage? This must have been a user calibrated event.
My only real experiment with alcohol and different fuels was driving a late model minivan. I rented this van and used E85 for a few tankfuls (maybe 5). I noticed a 10% loss in mileage compared to E10.
The big problem is water.
Before the transition to Ethanol the oxygenation was handled by the addition of MTBE to gasoline, this mixture does not absorb water in any material amount.
Ethanol on the other hand mixes quite readily with water and is in fact hygroscopic, it very aggressively absorbs water and holds it in suspension until it's saturated and just cannot absorb any more.
Despite very prevalent myths to the contrary, phase separation occurs very quickly under the right conditions, and even under just typical atmospheric conditions occurs in 90 days on average. This is caused by the ethanol just absorbing the humidity out of the air and condensation. If there is actual water present, like in the bottom of a storage tank, the ethanol quickly absorbs it.
At just 0.5% water entrainment reaches the point where the E10 mixture is no longer able to hold the water in solution. At this point the water-laden ethanol starts to fall out of solution and settle down out of the mixture. You would then have a large top layer of nearly pure gasoline, and a much smaller layer of very water-laden ethanol below that, then finally a smaller layer of pure water at the very bottom.
As the ethanol falls out the gasoline loses an important source (the ethanol) of it's octane. If you had this happen, 87 octane fuel would drop to approx. 84 octane.
So now you have a car running on non-oxygenated 84 octane fuel until it gets down to the very wet straight ethanol at the bottom of the tank.
Now this is an extreme example, but it only takes a little water to significantly affect performance.