The buck converter controls the output voltage. How exactly it does it depends on the topology of the converter design. One common way to do it is to use two interleaved buck converters, and you change the transistor drive duty cycle to control the output. However, this is how the buck converters always work - so if you want to argue that makes it 'PWM Mode' then the discussion becomes pointless as by that definition all MPPT charge controller are always in 'PWM Mode'.
Getting a little bit out of the weeds here, my point having designed and built MPPT chargers is that an MPPT controller can be more efficient and can provide more energy in all phases of charging relative to a PWM controller. The example above of the controller providing power to the load during float is pretty solid evidence of this.