Wow, physics, hell I'll play :D
For any rigid shaft, torque in = torque out, correct? Basic Physics 101. Unless the shaft deforms, which is a failure...
3.31, 4.30, 4.88 truck, whatever, your max T-input at transmission is always your engine max torque, right? Assuming locked converter.
You axle torque is always dictated by your speed, grade, weight, aero, and instant acceleration. Doesn't matter if you have 3.31/4.30/3.55/4.88/5.13 gears. To pull a 40,000 gvw rig hp 7% grade with no wind at constant speed, you need a FIXED amount of axle torque (thrust), correct?
That means the ONLY difference in stress between a 3.31 and 4.30 truck is the transmission output torque, or driveshaft torque (again, T-in must = T-out). Because on the same hill, a 4.30 truck may be in 6th and the 3.31 truck in 5th.
If you're burning OD clutches, either you've gone above the GVW rating of the tranny, and /or you should've locked out OD.