Those are called "vortex generators". Aircraft often employ them:
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If you have a sunroof, you probably have a sawtooth or castellated edge that flips up at the front of the opening, too - without it, turbulence would create an annoying, pulsing, "thud" as you drove at speed. Same thing - a vortex generator.
A vortex generator puts energy into the airstream, causing the trailing air to "spiral" (a vortex). Since it has more energy and is spiraling, the air can't/ won't devolve into a turbulent mess, creating drag BEHIND the surface - it will flow/ spiral PAST the trailing surface, only becoming turbulent when the vortex energy dissipates much further back.
So the idea is that you're creating a smoother airflow over surfaces and past trailing edges, which creates less turbulence behind them.
I'm really interested to hear what the OP finds - putting vortex generator on the underside of a TC cabover seems like it would generate vortices aimed right at the vertical front wall of the camper - a worst-case scenario, aerodynamically.