The 8.1 is very different from prior BBC. The block is different, the pistons are much different and the heads are not interchangeable. We have had two with a diesel in between, they each have their pluses and minuses.
The 8.1 is a very good, well designed engine from the factory, as good a towing engine as ever produced. It takes a lot of money to really improve its performance. There is a company called Ralar that has speed equipment for the 8.1, bring big money, and frankly all the speed parts in the world will not improve mileage on this engine, spend the money on a diesel.
Mileage, At 65 mph we get just about 8 mpg pulling a 8,000# car hauler with the camper loaded to about 4,000#. With just the camper at 65 mph, we will get somewhere around 11-12 mpg. Slow down is what I have found works the best, if you can keep it at 55 you will see 12 mpg+ maybe even with the Jeep. If you remember the 454, we had several of them, I saw down to 4-5 mpg in the "old" days with a strong 454, which was not nearly as good as the 8.1 performance wise.
Maybe time for some BG44K, to keep the valves and injectors clean. I use it at least once a year, more like twice, it really works. Use synthetic oil, there are a lot of big parts in this engine and the synthetic oil helps. Check the plugs, you can try AC Delco 41-932 plugs which are (for the most part) no longer available, you may find them on ebay. There may be a newer plug that is slightly warmer that may help. A 180 degree thermostat may help. There really is not a lot you can do, it does not need a more open exhaust, it has plenty of exhaust capacity and the heads flow great. Get a tune at a good tune shop, their are plenty in Denver, I and many of my friends have used Lou's cars. Lou has not worked on the 8.1.
I have a 45 gallon Transfer Flow replacement tank that really helps. I generally have a 350-400 mile safe range, depending on load, with about 50+ reserve. With a 26 gallon tank we were always stopping for fuel, our range is now about double. Transfer flow no longer makes the gas version of their replacement tank. You may be able to find one on the salvage market.
With a gas engine your are paying for gas. With a diesel you are paying for the engine and the potential repairs, and more maintenance then a gas motor.
I have come to the conclusion that for us gas is better, it does not have the power, it does not have the fuel economy, but it does have a different type of economy and its very quiet and smooth. Either way it takes $$$$ to go down the road. Make your choice and pay your money!
Good Luck.