Wind, rain and the occasional hose down to get anything trapped under a solar panel.
Does EPDM require systematic maintenance or additional coatings or treatment to achieve its life expectancy?
No. No special coating or other surface treatment is required. General maintenance in the form of good housekeeping should periodically be performed to remove debris and leaves, and to investigate the performance of other components.
http://www.epdmroofs.org/what-is-epdm/faqs/general-questionsYou don't want debri like leaves or other organic material decaying away up there as the byproducts of decay could eat away at the roof, but other than inspecting for cracks forming in the EPDM and Dicor sealing around vents just a hose off occasionally should be sufficient. I'm not saying it'll hurt to go up with a mild detergent occasionally but I'd be cautions using anything that might actually degrade the EPDM while you're thinking you're adding a protective coating.