I've had my 04 chevy LLY duramax sit outside for several days with night temps near -40F/C and daytime below -20F. No way to plug in the block heater. When I got ready to leave it Started right up in the morning at -40F. but took forever to warm up even with high idle.
I just cycled the ignition to have two shots on getting the glow plugs hot before cranking it over.
Now my 2015 Duramax, haven't tried it at -40F yet, but they turn the turbo blades for max backpressure and runs the idle speed up to around 900rpm until up to operating temps when temp is below around freezing. warms up in a few minutes at 15F or so.
the 2015 warms up so quick I have yet to use the block heater. on the 04, I always used the block heater below freezing to help with warmup if I was near a power outlet.