Had one guy tell me it should spin for 20 seconds after you spin it with your fingers.
Well that's a reliable test, so what would 19 and 1/2 seconds mean? :B
If you don't have a good set of gauges you could be guessing at problems. Throwing money at them and the price of turbo's I wouldn't want to even guess. Your truck has several weak points and 99% of them can be worked around or fixed. The final goal IMO is to end up with a very dependable tool and not a "wallet flattener".
As far as turbo goes learn about "floating bearings"
http://www.cumminsturbotechnologies.com/ctt/navigationAction.do?url=SiteContent+en+HTML+ProductsAndTechnologies+BearingsFully Floating Designs that Set the Mark for Durability
Journal bearings are of the fully floating ring type, which means that the ring is free to rotate and there are two oil films, one on the outer diameter of the journal, the other on the inner. Predominantly, this system is used in automotive turbochargers, although some large industrial and passenger car units use rolling element bearings fed by an integral oil supply. All current Holset Turbochargers use fully floating designs.
Notice the part of
Oil is transferred from the outer to the inner film by radial holes drilled in the bearing.
That's one big reason I cool mine down before shutting off. Easy for those holes to get "coked" up and block the passages as they are not that big and another reason to keep up on oil changes IMO.
This might help you also.
http://www.cumminsturbotechnologies.com/ctt/navigationAction.do?url=SiteContent+en+HTML+PartsAndService+Turbocharger_DiagnosticsOK just my two cents, Hope it was useful to you.