Bad plugs or COP can definitely cause a problem without throwing a code. My Expedition was almost undrivable it was missing so bad, but it did not throw a code. A blu tooth OBDII dongle and the Torque app on my tablet allowed me to see that 3 cylinders were missing badly, just not enough times in a given time frame to turn on the light. In my case, new plugs solved the problem. You can check the strength of the coils with a HEI (High Energy Ignition) tester. It has a huge air gap inside that stresses the coil, so if you see a spark the coil is good.