Forum Discussion
ShinerBock
Jul 31, 2017Explorer
Comparing US and EU Approaches to Regulating
Automotive Emissions and Fuel Economy
"Compared to the United States, the European Union came late to regulating vehicle
emissions of local air pollutants. It started with the so-called “Euro 1” requirements that
set nitrogen oxides emissions limits to 0.78 g/km in 1992. Catalytic converters were
required in new cars in the European Union at the beginning of the 1990s, and the sale
of leaded fuel was largely prohibited across the region by 2000. The United States was ahead
of the European Union by a decade on both accounts. In the United States catalytic
converters were ubiquitous in new cars by the early 1990s and leaded gasoline was nearly
phased out entirely by 1990. Currently the “Euro 6” emissions rules are being
implemented. These require nitrogen oxides emissions in 2017 to be 90 percent below
1992 levels. Those emissions standards are less stringent than current US standards.
Comparison of US and EU
programs to control lightduty
vehicle emissions
"Conlusion:
-Compliance and enforcement is the most critical aspect of all
regulations and the key to success of US and CA policies
- US/CA programs are both more complex and more rigorous
while providing more flexibilities to manufacturers
§ Bin system encourages manufacturers to design and market
increasingly clean vehicles
§ Footprint-based GHG standards reward weight reduction
§ Enforcement is a real threat, standards are very detailed to eliminate
loopholes
§ OBD enforcement mechanisms both reduce ability to cheat and
increase increase information to regulators (defect reporting
requirements)
-European LEZs have been effective in reducing air pollution in
key areas and accelerating fleet turnover
Automotive Emissions and Fuel Economy
"Compared to the United States, the European Union came late to regulating vehicle
emissions of local air pollutants. It started with the so-called “Euro 1” requirements that
set nitrogen oxides emissions limits to 0.78 g/km in 1992. Catalytic converters were
required in new cars in the European Union at the beginning of the 1990s, and the sale
of leaded fuel was largely prohibited across the region by 2000. The United States was ahead
of the European Union by a decade on both accounts. In the United States catalytic
converters were ubiquitous in new cars by the early 1990s and leaded gasoline was nearly
phased out entirely by 1990. Currently the “Euro 6” emissions rules are being
implemented. These require nitrogen oxides emissions in 2017 to be 90 percent below
1992 levels. Those emissions standards are less stringent than current US standards.
Comparison of US and EU
programs to control lightduty
vehicle emissions
"Conlusion:
-Compliance and enforcement is the most critical aspect of all
regulations and the key to success of US and CA policies
- US/CA programs are both more complex and more rigorous
while providing more flexibilities to manufacturers
§ Bin system encourages manufacturers to design and market
increasingly clean vehicles
§ Footprint-based GHG standards reward weight reduction
§ Enforcement is a real threat, standards are very detailed to eliminate
loopholes
§ OBD enforcement mechanisms both reduce ability to cheat and
increase increase information to regulators (defect reporting
requirements)
-European LEZs have been effective in reducing air pollution in
key areas and accelerating fleet turnover
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