The 'cylinders' (tanks are permanently mounted like in motorhomes) have a shut off valve that will only open when the pigtail hose is attached.
They also have an 'overfill protective device' (a float that will shut off propane filling at 80%---liquid level)
The pigtail hoses have excess flow check valves in them (basically a steel ball that will trip closed due to pressure difference).
IF you open cylinder shut off valve to fast the pressure can not equalize on both sides of the steel ball.......also should a hose/fitting break and propane flow is high the steel ball will close off stopping propane flow from cylinder.
There is a bleed screw on neck of cylinders that can be cracked open to fill cylinders....close when liquid spurts.
You can also crack the bleed screw to check that tank is empty.
Weighing a cylinder will give you info..tank is full, empty of in between
Propane cylinders have to be re-certified/re-qualified 12 yrs. after date stamped on collar.
Tanks do don't have to be re-certified.