By the ratings the new Super Duties can pull some very impressive trailers without weight distributing hitches, as much as 18,000lbs. Check out page 22 here: https://www.fleet.ford.com/truckbbas/topics/2017/2017_RV_Trailer_Towing_Guide.pdf
Keep in mind that it takes 3 heavily loaded axles to go over 18,000lbs, regarless of length.
I have not tried it but suspect that I would prefer weight distributing to keep the headlights better aimed if nothing else. If not weight distributing then airbags.
I will say that for my F150 Ford recommends very minimal weight transfer, only bringing the front end down 25% as much as it went up when attaching the trailer. It does seem to tow well this way and I am pulling heavy but again I would be happier with more weight transfer for several reasons.
This is speculation but I feel like the reason that Ford is recommending minimal weight transfer on the F150 is that the factory hitch is not up to doing more. I have been considering putting a sturdier aftermarket hitch on the truck. I have not found one that I really like yet.
The older trucks like yours are only rated for about 5,000 without a weight distributing hitch.