If all you want to do at Badlands is drive through, you can easily do that and not even spend a night.
Just plan your previous night stop not too far from Badlands along I-90. Then pack up and head to Badlands and do your drive on the park road 240. The road is set up that you can enter the park at one end and exit at the opposite end. You don't have to backtrack to be on your way to the next stop.
You will be on I-90 and Hwy 240 is the park road through the park. It ends again on I-90. Very easy to drive in a half-day or so. Then when you get back on I-90 head for your next night stop.
Every national park and national monument has an excellent web site like this one. It gives a lot of helpful information - road conditions, maps, campground, things to do, etc. Check them out.
http://www.nps.gov/badl/index.htm