If the engine overheated, it had nothing to do with your AC system. I would suspect that you have a failing fan clutch, especially if it overheats at slower speeds. At highway speeds, enough air will pass through to cool the engine.
ON your AC system, you have two electric fans that will come on to cool the condensing coil. These fans have a very nominal affect on engine cooling but do affect your AC, especially if the fan clutch is failing which will draw air through the condensing coil.
You said that you added coolant after you pulled over. That would indicate that your radiator boiled over and you lost coolant. Just adding coolant is one thing but unless you PURGED all of the air out of your cooling system, you could still have cooling problems due to cavitation of the water pump caused by an air pocket.