I have a 2009 Duramax (Chev. Silverado) and a 2013 Powerstroke (F550) up here in AK. The fuel outlets sell a winter diesel that avoids gelling. I generally plug the heater in at 0 or below....as much to get cab heat quickly as anything else.
Sometimes a diesel might take a bit longer to get all the way warmed up than a gas engine, but in general there's no real difference in winter use.
Last winter I had occasion to drive both vehicles to / from Fairbanks where the observed low (on a bank sign next to the work location) was -39 one trip and -32 the other. Both vehicles started fine (after being plugged in) but idle doesn't cut it at those temps for heat: it took about 10 minutes under load (relatively slow driving) to get the engine thoroughly warm and putting out noticeable heat to the cab.